During the forklift’s operation, the forklift’s acceleration and braking speed are critical factors that reflect the forklift’s performance. It also depends on the two parts of the forklift brake system. The brake pump in the forklift brake system can be mainly divided into the master cylinder and the wheel cylinder. Hualong forklift parts CO. Ltd. will introduce the working principle of forklift brake as below.

1. Forklift brake master cylinder is the central part of the vehicle brake system. The master cylinders of forklifts are mostly hydraulic oil brakes. The master cylinders that use hydraulic oil brakes have a tank for storing brake oil on the top, and the cylinders below are equipped with pistons, oil inlets, and outlets.

The working principle of the forklift brake master cylinder is: when the brake pedal is stepped on, the piston of the master cylinder moves to the right, the spring is compressed, and the leather cup closes the oil return hole so that the liquid in the cylinder generates pressure and pushes the oil outlet valve through the oil pipe. Flow into each wheel cylinder. At this time, the wheel cylinder piston expands outward, pushing the brake shoe into contact with the brake drum to produce a braking effect. When the brake pedal is released, the forklift master cylinder piston moves back by the thrust of the return spring. At this time, the oil pressure in the brake system drops, so the brake shoes return to the initial position, forcing the brake fluid flow in the wheel cylinders back to the master pump. At this time, the oil outlet valve of the master cylinder of the forklift is closed, and the brake fluid pushes open the oil return valve and flows back into the master cylinder through the oil return valve to release the brake. When the brake pedal is continuously stepped on, that is, when the brake pedal is stepped on and released quickly, the master cylinder piston quickly retracts. Due to the resistance of the oil pipe and the master cylinder oil valve to the brake fluid, the brake fluid cannot follow the piston. At the same time, it returns to the master cylinder.

At this time, a partial vacuum is generated at the inner end of the master cylinder tank, and the brake fluid stored in the piston ring space passes through the six small holes in the piston head and is replenished into the cup through the edge of the cup. If you step on the brake pedal again, you will get more fantastic braking performance due to the increase in oil volume. When the brake fluid flows into the right cavity of the piston through the six small holes on the head of the forklift piston and the edge of the cup, the brake fluid in the oil reservoir also flows into the left cavity and annular space of the piston through the oil inlet hole to prepare for continuity. Use it when braking. When the brake pedal is completely released, the brake fluid flowing from the wheel cylinder back to the master cylinder will exceed the capacity of the master cylinder so that the excess brake fluid will flow back to the oil storage chamber through the oil return hole.

2. The wheel cylinder of the forklift is a hydraulic brake type, which is one of the indispensable parts of the forklift brake system. The primary function is to push the brake pads, and the brake pads rub against the brake drum so that the forklift’s speed is reduced and stopped.

The working principle of the forklift wheel cylinder is: after stepping on the brake pedal, the push rod pushes the brake master cylinder to generate thrust to pressurize the brake fluid and make it to the wheel cylinder. The piston inside the cylinder moves left and right to push the brake pads under pressure. The oil brake master cylinder is composed of the brake master cylinder and the brake oil storage tank. They are connected to the brake pedal and the brake hose at the other end. Brake fluid is stored in the brake master cylinder, and there are oil outlets and oil inlets. The oil outlet opens when the brake is applied, and the oil inlet closes. Under the pressure of the piston of the pump body, the brake oil pipe is squeezed out of the oil pipe to flow to each brake sub-cylinder for braking function. When the brake plate is released, the oil outlet in the master cylinder will be closed, and the oil inlet will be opened so that the brake fluid will flow back from each wheel cylinder to the master cylinder and return to its original state.

3. Forklift brake booster pump. The forklift brake booster pump is a vacuum chamber with a large diameter. A diaphragm (or piston) with a push rod in the middle, dividing the section into two parts and Atmospheric communication. The other part is connected to the engine intake pipe through a pipe. It uses the principle of inhaling air when the engine is working to create a vacuum on one side of the booster pump and the pressure difference relative to the average air pressure on the other side. This pressure difference is used to strengthen the braking thrust. Kindly note that forklift brake booster pumps are generally suitable for three tons or more forklifts, and standard small tonnage forklifts may not have forklift brake booster pumps.